Studies show that UVA radiation damages the DNA in human melanocyte cells, causing mutations that can lead to melanoma. Melanocytes darkens the skin to protect it from ultraviolet rays of the sun. "For the first time, UVA rays have been shown to cause significant damage to the DNA of human melanocyte skin cells," says Moon-shong Tang, PhD, professor of environmental medicine, pathology and medicine at NYU School of Medicine. "And because melanocytes have a reduced capacity to repair DNA damage from UVA radiation, they mutate more frequently, potentially leading to the development of melanoma."Sunlight in the form of UVA radiation causes oxygen in melanocytes to damage DNA. Oxidative DNA damage adversely affects transcription and DNA replication in melanocytes. Researchers exposed lightly and darkly pigmented human melanocytes to UVA radiation and assessed DNA
damage and the capacity of these cells to repair damaged DNA. DNA damage was detected in all melanocyte cells and these cells were unable to repair the damage. Normal skin cells were also exposed to UVA light but no damage to their DNA was observed.
In humans, prolonged exposure to solar UV radiation may result in acute and chronic health effects on the skin, eye, and immune system. UVA, UVB and UVC can all damage collagen fibers and thereby accelerate aging of the skin. The Sun emits ultraviolet radiation in the UVA, UVB, and UVC bands, but because of absorption in the atmosphere's ozone layer, 99% of the ultraviolet radiation that reaches the Earth's surface is UVA.
The authors concluded that UVA-induced oxidative DNA damage in melanocytes and the inherently reduced repair capacity in these cells are the two key factors that contribute to melanoma on the skin. The authors also discovered the underlying mechanism to explain why melanoma can also develop in areas never exposed to sunlight: Because melanocytes generally have a limited capacity to repair any DNA damage, they have a higher mutation frequency rate and are more susceptible to the development of melanoma -- even without the effects of the sun.
Immunoglobin G (IgG) is found in the plasma and tissue of the body and fights against bacteria, viruses, and toxins that enter the body. More common immunoglobulins such as (IgM) fights back when it comes into contact with certain foods or bacteria. 
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) which is discussed in this article address food allergies. Since the mid 1990s, food allergies have been on a significant rise. The most common being cow’s milk, peanuts, and eggs. Children who are suffering from these allergies often must under go extremely uncomfortable testing in which anaphylaxis reactions are possible. Another form of treatment is to slowly introduce small amounts of the allergen in a controlled fashion. While this is meant to lower the individuals reaction to the allergen it may also back fire and create further allergies. This new form of testing takes medical information and statistics to really hone in on the true allergy in the hope of saving individuals from unnecessary and uncomfortable testing. These findings are imperative to finding new ways to manage allergies without truly changing an individuals entire lifestyle. Notably, this more direct approach to allergies allows researchers to find the actual immunoglobulins that are attacking the body’s own immune system.
